SAT-2 Thanks For Submitting Your Details. You Can Start Your Test Now!! Name Mobile No. Email Id City State Country Course 1. Which of the following best describes the theme of the concluding couplet (lines 13-14)? (A) A confession of sin before an almighty judge (B) An affirmation of the immortality of the soul (C) A declaration of rebellion against the powers of fate (D) An accusation that death is a faithless servant (E) A surrender to the inexplicable nature of life 2. George Grenville viewed the Stamp Act primarily as a means to (A) make the customs service more efficient (B) punish rebellious colonists (C) test the colonists’ will to resist England (D) create more patronage positions for the king’s courtiers (E) raise revenue for the crown 3. Which of the following statements is generally true of the framers of the Constitution? (A) They believed in the supremacy of the executive branch of the federal government (B) They had great faith in the goodness and rationality of people. (C) They were opposed to the development of political parties. (D) They incorporated into the Constitution the most democratic ideals of the Declaration of Independence (E) They believed the new American republic would be stable because of the unanimity of public opinion in the country on major policy issues 4. “What is man born for but to be a reformer, a remaker of what man has made; a renouncer of lies; a restorer of truth and good, imitating that great Nature which embosoms us all, and which sleeps no moment on an old past, but every hour repairs herself, yielding every morning a new day, and with every pulsation a new life?” These sentiments are most characteristic of (A) fundamentalism (B) Social Darwinism (C) pragmatism (D) neoorthodoxy (E) transcendentalism 5. From 1870 to 1930, the trend in industry was for hours to be generally reduced, while both money wages and real wages rose. What factor was primarily responsible for this trend? (A) A reduction in profit margins (B) Minimum-wage laws (C) Restriction of the labor supply (D) Increased output per hour of work (E) Right-to-work legislation 6. All of the following are true of the movement to prohibit alcoholic beverages in the United States EXCEPT: (A) It arose quite suddenly amid the hysteria surrounding the First World War (B) It won the support of many progressive reformers (C) It was often favored by people who disliked immigrants and their cultural practices (D) It was a movement in which women played leading roles (E) It gained strength from new scientific evidence that alcohol was harmful to health. 7. I. “I believe it is the duty of the Negro—as the greater part of the race is already doing —to deport himself modestly in regard to political claims, depending upon the slow but sure influences that proceed from the possession of property, intelligence, and high character for the full recognition of his political rights.” II. “The truth is that ‘integration’ is an image, it’s a foxy Northern liberal’s smoke-screen that confuses the true wants of the American black man.” III. “The talented tenth of the Negro race must be made leaders of thought and missionaries of culture among their people. . . . The Negro race, like all other races, is going to be saved by its exceptional men.” The most probable authors of statements I, II, and III, respectively, are (A) Malcolm X, Nat Turner, and Martin Luther King, Jr. (B) Booker T. Washington, Malcolm X, and W.E.B. Du Bois (C) Martin Luther King, Jr., Booker T. Washington, and W.E.B. Du Bois (D) Nat Turner, Martin Luther King, Jr., and Booker T. Washington (E) W.E.B. Du Bois, Malcolm X, and Martin Luther King, Jr. 8. Which of the following was symbolic of the rise of American influence in the fine arts after the Second World War? (A) Mary Cassatt’s work in Impressionism (B) Thomas Eakin’s work in Realism (C) Grant Wood’s work in Regionalism (D) Jackson Pollock’s work in Abstract Expressionism (E) John S. Copley’s work of realistic portraiture 9. Major population shifts between 1915 and 1980 included all of the following EXCEPT a movement from (A) the rural South to Northern cities (B) New England to the Midwest (C) the North to the Sun Belt (D) the inner cities to the suburbs (E) the Caribbean region to the American mainland 10. Which of the following presidents is correctly paired with an event that took place during his administration? (A) Lyndon B. Johnson . . . the establishment of diplomatic relations between the United States and the People’s Republic of China (B) John F. Kennedy . . . resolution of the Suez Crisis (C) Richard M. Nixon . . . the reduction of United States forces in Vietnam (D) Gerald R. Ford . . . the signing of the Camp David Accords (E) Jimmy Carter . . . resolution of the Cuban Missile Crisis 11. The Emancipation Proclamation declared slaves in which of the following areas “forever free”? (A) All areas of the United States (B) All areas of the Confederacy (C) Areas in border states loyal to the Union (D) Confederate areas still in rebellion (E) Areas in states controlled by Union forces 12. “The point I wish plainly to bring before you on this occasion is the individuality of each human soul; our Protestant idea, the right of individual conscience and judgment; our republican idea, individual citizenship. . . . If we consider [a woman] as a citizen, as a member of a great nation, she must have the same rights as all other members, according to the fundamental principles of our government.” The statement above was made by (A) Thomas Jefferson (B) Elizabeth Blackwell (C) Henry David Thoreau (D) Margaret Sanger (E) Elizabeth Cady Stanton 13. The controversy with Great Britain over the northern boundary of the shaded section in the map above was settled during the presidency of (A) John Quincy Adams (B) James K. Polk (C) Franklin Pierce (D) James Buchanan (E) Andrew Johnson 14. A major change brought about by Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal, 1933–1939, was the (A) creation of machinery for maintaining full employment (B) transformation of a business-dominated society into a labor-dominated one (C) redistribution of population from urban centers to rural areas (D) development of new attitudes about the role and function of government (E) destruction of machine politics at the state and city levels 15. The 1940s poster above referred to the (A) contribution of women to the defense industry (B) growing popularity of women movie stars (C) large number of women in the armed forces (D) large number of immigrants who supported the war effort (E) affection of Americans for their wartime president 16. Which of the following was an important virtue in Confucianism? (A) Warlike prowess (B) Filial piety (C) Public charity (D) Poverty (E) Manual labor 17. Early Christians developed the monastic ideal as a means of counteracting (A) government interference (B) heresy (C) competition from Eastern religions (D) worldliness (E) persecution 18. The Silk Routes were important in ancient times because they (A) facilitated the exchange of goods and ideas between China and the Roman Empire (B) allowed gold and silver mined in China to be traded for European furs and wool cloth (C) provided trade links between the people of Siberia and the people living on islands in the Bering Sea (D) provided a conduit for trade in silk, porcelain, and costly gems between China and Japan (E) allowed carts and carriages to travel on paved roads across northern Asia as far west as the Caspian Sea 19. The bronze plaque shown above was created in (A) Italy (B) Central Asia (C) Arabia (D) West Africa (E) China 20. Which of the following was characteristic of the physical environments of early river-valley civilizations in the Near East? (A) Cool summer temperatures encouraged the production of grain crops (B) Tropical forests along the riverbanks provided the population with most of its food. (C) The rivers maintained a steady flow year-round, fed by melting mountain glaciers. (D) The rivers flowed through deep mountain valleys, which sheltered early civilizations (E) Rainfall was low, requiring irrigation of crops with river water 21. The ancient Chinese symbol of the universe shown above represented (A) the theory that everything consists of opposite but complementary elements (B) the Zen concept of unity in artistic expression (C) Buddha’s vision of the perfect shape (D) a dualism in which everything is in conflict, and nothing can be resolved (E) the moral principles of Confucius 22. In the map above, the numbered dots correspond to cities. In the eighth century, which cities were near the east-west limits of the Islamic world? (A) 1 and 7 (B) 1 and 9 (C) 2 and 6 (D) 2 and 8 (E) 5 and 7 23. The encomienda system of colonial Spanish America most closely resembled the European practice of (A) absolutism (B) primogeniture (C) patronage (D) manorialism (E) nepotism 24. In early modern Europe, governments sought to increase national wealth and maintain a favorable balance of trade through government intervention by advocating (A) Liberalism (B) Capitalism (C) Socialism (D) Utilitarianism (E) Mercantilism 25. “Where it is an absolute question of the welfare of our country, we must admit of no considerations of justice or injustice, or mercy or cruelty, or praise or ignominy, but putting all else aside must adopt whatever course will save its existence and preserve its liberty.” The statement above expresses the viewpoint of which of the following? (A) Niccolò Machiavelli (B) Sir Thomas More (C) Desiderius Erasmus (D) Dante Alighieri (E) John Calvin 26. Social Darwinists such as Herbert Spencer argued that (A) competition allows individuals to develop their talents and meet their needs (B) competition and cooperation are equally important in building a productive and compassionate society (C) human societies progress through competition, since the strong survive and the weak perish (D) human societies progress through cooperation, a natural instinct that should be encouraged (E) God predetermines that some members of society are fated to succeed and some members are fated to fail 27. Differences between which two religions contributed to violent conflicts in India during and after the struggle for independence in 1947? (A) Hinduism and Buddhism (B) Islam and Christianity (C) Hinduism and Islam (D) Islam and Buddhism (E) Hinduism and Jainism 28. Most of the noncitizens currently residing in Western European countries originally came to Western Europe to (A) consolidate the European Economic Community agreements (B) find employment (C) do graduate work in the universities (D) participate in the democratic political process (E) avoid forced military conscription in their native land 29. Which of the following most accurately reveals common ancestry among many different species of organisms? (A) The amino acid sequence of their cytochrome (B) Their ability to synthesize hemoglobin (C) The percentage of their body weight that is fat (D) The percentage of their body surface that is used in gas exchange (E) The mechanism of their mode of locomotion 30. An appropriate control to show that this experiment measures DNA synthesis and not RNA synthesis would be to perform the same procedures but (A) not fertilize the eggs (B) sample the embryos at longer time intervals (C) add radioactive uracil instead of radioactive thymine (D) fertilize the eggs in sea water that does not contain radioactive thymine (E) count the number of cells in the embryos at the beginning and at the end of the experiment 31. Which of the following individuals is most fit in evolutionary terms? (A) A child who does not become infected with any of the usual childhood diseases, such as measles or chicken pox (B) A woman of 40 with seven adult offspring (C) A woman of 80 who has one adult offspring (D) A 100-year old man with no offspring (E) A childless man who can run a mile in less than five minutes 32. Which of the following is true of the magnetic field produced by a current in a long, straight wire? (A) The field is uniform (B) The field increases in strength as the distance from the wire increases. (C) The field lines are directed parallel to the wire, but opposite to the direction of the current. (D) The field lines are directed radially outward from the wire. (E) The field lines form circles about the wire 33. The Earth has a radius of 6,400 kilometers. A satellite orbits the Earth at a distance of 12,800 kilometers from the center of the Earth. If the weight of the satellite on Earth is 100 kilonewtons, the gravitational force on the satellite in orbit is (A) 11 kilonewtons (B) 25 kilonewtons (C) 50 kilonewtons (D) 100 kilonewtons (E) 200 kilonewtons 35. A pendulum of length with a bob of mass m is oscillating with small amplitude. Which of the following changes in the pendulum would double its period? (A) Doubling the mass m of the bob (B) Doubling the initial force used to set the pendulum in motion (C) Doubling the amplitude of the pendulum’s swing (D) Quadrupling the mass m of the bob (E) Quadrupling the length of the pendulum 36. Emily’s school offers 3 English classes and 4 History classes for her to choose from. She must choose 3 of these classes to complete her schedule. If exactly one of these must be an English class, how many different combinations of classes are possible for Emily? 34 A-7 B-12 C-18 D-21 E-35 37. A class of 20 students borrowed library books for their research projects. Some of the students borrowed 3 books each, and the rest borrowed 2 books each. If a total of 52 books were borrowed, how many of the students borrowed 3 books each? A-8 B-9 C-10 D-12 E-13 38. According to the study, as the body ages, the chance that medications will cause harmful side effects are on the increase (A) are on the increase (B) are increasing (C) has increased (D) increase (E) increases 39. The most versatile skin in nature helps squid ambush prey, avoiding predators, as well as courting mates, and signaling one another. (A) avoiding predators, as well as courting mates, and signaling (B) avoiding predators, courting mates, and they signal (C) to avoid predators, court mates, and for signaling (D) avoid predators, court mates, and they signal (E) avoid predators, court mates, and signal 40. Six stories high, with portholes for eyes and a spiral staircase in each hind leg, is the elephant-shaped building known as “Lucy,” which towered over Margate City, New Jersey, since 1881. (A) is the elephant-shaped building known as “Lucy,” which towered over Margate City, New Jersey, since 1881 (B) since 1881 it has towered over Margate City, New Jersey, the elephant-shaped building known as “Lucy” (C) the elephant-shaped building known as “Lucy” has towered over Margate City, New Jersey, since 1881 (D) towering over Margate City, New Jersey, since 1881 has been the elephant-shaped building known as “Lucy” (E) there is an elephant-shaped building known as “Lucy,” and it has towered over Margate City, New Jersey, since 1881 41. Researchers have found that the eyes of tropical nocturnal sweat bees are about 30 times more sensitive to light than it is with honeybees. (A) it is with honeybees (B) those of honeybees (C) honeybees can be (D) honeybees are (E) honeybees 42. A war is raging between experts who see psychotherapy as an art as well as them calling for scientifically proven methods. (A) as well as them calling for (B) as well as the ones who want (C) or those that are calling for (D) and those who call for (E) and others, wanting 43. Where the Illinois and Missouri Rivers feed into the Mississippi, the rivers meander, forming swamps and oxbow lakes and creating a flood plain environment known as the American Bottom. (A) forming swamps and oxbow lakes and creating a flood plain environment known as (B) forming swamps and oxbow lakes, creating a flood plain environment known that it is (C) and it forms swamps and oxbow lakes and creating a flood plain environment known that it is (D) form swamps and oxbow lakes and it creates a flood plain environment known as (E) form swamps and oxbow lakes and they create a flood plain environment known as 44. As postmaster general, Benjamin Franklin sped up mail service between Boston and Philadelphia, he required post riders to continue day and night, thus making the round trip in six days instead of three weeks. (A) Philadelphia, he required (B) Philadelphia, it required (C) Philadelphia and requiring (D) Philadelphia by requiring (E) Philadelphia to require 45. In context, which word should be inserted at the beginning of sentence 8? (A) Because (B) Although (C) While (D) If (E) Since 46. Which of the following facts about glucose is most important to add to sentence 11? (A) Glucose acts as an antifreeze. (B) Glucose can be stored in the liver. (C) Glucose is regulated by two hormones, insulin and glucagon. (D) Glucose is used by the cells for energy (E) Glucose is a blood sugar found in vertebrates 47. The author mentions Nancy Drew and War and Peace in line 4 primarily to (A) suggest that the narrator learned to type by reading books (B) allude to some of the narrator’s previous jobs (C) show that literature has been important to the narrator for long time (D) show the specific type of book the narrator enjoys (E) indicate that reading is the narrator’s favorite pastime 48. In the passage, what is the narrator’s major complaint about her job? (A) Her employer discourages her from reading. (B) The words she types lack personal meaning for her (C) Her employer rarely speaks with her about her work. (D) She has no interest in the legal profession (E) Typing for others is a job that never seems to stop. 49. The author primarily views chemistry as (A) suspect (B) foundational (C) unchangeable (D) irrelevant (E) novel 50. The author describes chemistry and physics as “mundane” in line 8 primarily to (A) suggest that the work chemists and physicists do is usually tedious (B) indicate the simplistic nature of most scientific answers to difficult questions (C) dispute the importance of these branches of science for studying living things (D) contrast these branches of science with a branch that never developed (E) emphasize the lack of respect most scientists give to these branches of science 51. The primary purpose of the passage is to (A) dismiss a prevailing scientific opinion (B) compare two similar biological systems (C) suggest possible explanations for a phenomenon (D) defend one theory against alternative theories (E) predict a likely outcome 52. The use of quotation marks in the first sentence of the passage signifies that the author (A) is not using the word in its literal sense (B) is mildly ridiculing other sources (C) is using a direct quotation from another source (D) is using the word in a highly formal manner (E) is introducing an unfamiliar concept 53. The authors of both passages assume that the legendary King Arthur was (A) the leader of a heroic group of knights (B) an actual historical figure (C) a military rather than a political leader (D) the invention of poets (E) hired by several different kings 54. Unlike the author of Passage 2, the author of Passage 1 does NOT mention (A) Arthur’s followers (B) Arthur’s personal character traits (C) the Arthur legend that persists today (D) medieval storytellers (E) a specific text in which Arthur is cited 55. The word “patterns” in line __ most nearly means (A) samples (B) designs (C) models (D) traits (E) imitations 56. In Passage 1, “a king in the sense we understand kingship” most probably refers to (A) one member of a group of rulers sharing power in a certain region (B) a warlord with a loyal band of followers (C) the hero of a romantic folktale (D) a military commander for hire (E) the political ruler of a specific area 57. Having inherited a staff known for ------- resources, the new chairman had no choice but to introduce a number of more efficient practices. (A) defining (B) harboring (C) neglecting (D) bolstering (E) squandering 58. Critics of the novelist found his prose style as ------- as his ideas, and insisted that his work was ------- originality and substance. (A) fraudulent … dependent on (B) suspect … filled with (C) fulsome … charged with (D) commonplace … devoid of (E) exaggerated … riddled with 59. The young reporter was glad to be learning the basics at the local newspaper, but he was becoming bored with ------ news stories and was --------- to cover more exciting action. (A) lengthy…reluctant (B) alluring…enthusiastic (C) diverse…reticent (D) numerous…fearful (E) routine…eager 60. Mrs. Sorice felt that Ed’s ---------- comments during class discussion helped the other students understand the complex ideas presented in the book. (A) predictive (B) incisive (C) derisive (D) erratic (E) sarcastic 61. Once the audience began to applaud and laugh at her jokes, Vanessa felt more ----- ------ and her delivery became less ---------. (A) professional…engaging (B) excited…interesting (C) relaxed…inhibited (D) uncomfortable…reserved (E) anxious…wavering 62.Which choice best describes what happens in the passage? A) One character argues with another character who intrudes on her home B) One character receives a surprising request from another character. C) One character reminisces about choices she has made over the years D) One character criticizes another character for pursuing an unexpected course of action. 63.Which choice best describes the developmental pattern of the passage? A) A careful analysis of a traditional practice B) A detailed depiction of a meaningful encounter C) A definitive response to a series of questions D) A cheerful recounting of an amusing anecdote 64.As used in line 1 and line 65, “directly” most nearly means A) frankly. B) confidently C) without mediation D) with precision 65.Which reaction does Akira most fear from Chie? A) She will consider his proposal inappropriate B) She will mistake his earnestness for immaturity C) She will consider his unscheduled visit an imposition D) She will underestimate the sincerity of his emotions. 66.Which choice provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question? A) Line 33 (“His voice . . . refined”) B) Lines 49-51 (“You . . . mind”) C) Lines 63-64 (“Please . . . proposal”) D) Lines 71-72 (“Eager . . . face”) 67.In the passage, Akira addresses Chie with A) affection but not genuine love B) objectivity but not complete impartiality C) amusement but not mocking disparagement D) respect but not utter deference 68.The main purpose of the first paragraph is to A) describe a culture B) criticize a tradition C) question a suggestion D) analyze a reaction 69.Why does Akira say his meeting with Chie is “a matter of urgency” (line 32)? A) He fears that his own parents will disapprove of Naomi. B) He worries that Naomi will reject him and marry someone else C) He has been offered an attractive job in another country D) He knows that Chie is unaware of his feelings for Naomi. 70.Which choice provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question? A) Line 39 (“I don’t . . . you”) B) Lines 39-42 (“Normally . . . community”) C) Lines 58-59 (“Depending . . . Japan”) D) Lines 72-73 (“I see . . . you”) 71.The authors most likely use the examples in lines 1-9 of the passage (“Every . . . showers”) to highlight the A) regularity with which people shop for gifts. B) recent increase in the amount of money spent on gifts. C) anxiety gift shopping causes for consumers D) number of special occasions involving gift-giving. 72.The “social psychologists” mentioned in paragraph 2 (lines 17-34) would likely describe the “deadweight loss” phenomenon as A) predictable. B) questionable C) disturbing D) unprecedented 73.In line 10, the word “ambivalent” most nearly means A) unrealistic B) conflicted C) apprehensive D) supportive 74.The authors indicate that people value gift-giving because they feel it A) functions as a form of self-expression B) is an inexpensive way to show appreciation C) requires the gift-recipient to reciprocate D) can serve to strengthen a relationship 75.Which choice provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question? A) Lines 10-13 (“Many . . . peers”) B) Lines 22-23 (“People . . . own”) C) Lines 31-32 (“Research . . . perspectives”) D) Lines 44-47 (“Although . . . unfounded”) 76.The authors’ use of the words “exact,” “specific,” and “complement” in lines 47-49 in the final paragraph functions mainly to A) confirm that the nucleotide sequences are known for most molecules of DNA. B) counter the claim that the sequences of bases along a chain can occur in any order C) support the claim that the phosphate-sugar backbone of the authors’ model is completely regular. D) emphasize how one chain of DNA may serve as a template to be copied during DNA replication 77.As it is used in line 54, “convey” most nearly means A) transport. B) counteract. C) exchange. D) communicate 78.According to the table, which of the following pairs of base percentages in sea urchin DNA provides evidence in support of the answer to the previous A) 17.3% and 17.7% B) 17.3% and 32.1% C) 17.3% and 32.8% D) 17.7% and 32.8% 79.Woolf indicates that the procession she describes in the passage A) has come to have more practical influence in recent years B) has become a celebrated feature of English public life C) includes all of the richest and most powerful men in England D) has become less exclusionary in its membership in recent years 80.According to the passage, Woolf chooses the setting of the bridge because it A) is conducive to a mood of fanciful reflection B) provides a good view of the procession of the sons of educated men C) is within sight of historic episodes to which she alludes. D) is symbolic of the legacy of past and present sons of educated men 81.If y = kx, where k is a constant, and y = 24 when x = 6, what is the value of y when x = 5 ? A) 6 B) 15 C) 20 D) 23 82.If 16 + 4x is 10 more than 14, what is the value of 8x ? A) 2 B) 6 C) 16 D) 80 83.At which of the following air temperatures will the speed of a sound wave be closest to 1,000 feet per second? A) −46°F B) −48°F C) −49°F D) −50°F 84.Which of the following numbers is NOT a solution of the inequality 3x − 5 ≥ 4x − 3 ? A) −1 B) −2 C) −3 D) −5 85.A food truck sells salads for $6.50 each and drinks for $2.00 each. The food truck’s revenue from selling a total of 209 salads and drinks in one day was $836.50. How many salads were sold that day? A) 77 B) 93 C) 99 D) 105 86. Which of the following best describes the pattern of immigration into Britain’s North American colonies during the years 1620 to 1770? (A) Largely English in the seventeenth century, non-English in the eighteenth century (B) Chiefly of English origin during the whole period (C) Largely non-English in the seventeenth century, English in the eighteenth century (D) Predominantly from southern and eastern Europe, especially after 1700 (E) Predominantly from Asia, Africa, and Spanish America, especially after 1650 87. After Granny’s “Good morning” (line 7), the camera man probably behaves as he does because he (A) is made to realize that he is intruding (B) suspects that he is in physical danger (C) hopes to win Granny’s affection by appearing at ease (D) is relieved that an adult is present (E) realizes that he is disturbing the tidiness of the yard 88. The tone of “Now, aunty” (line 37) is most accurately described as (A) expectant (B) patronizing (C) accusatory (D) obedient (E) respectful 89. Granny’s final comment can best be understood as a (A) reluctant confession (B) tentative assertion (C) witty joke (D) surprising revelation (E) strong rebuke 90. The episode reveals a conflict between (A) propriety and impertinence (B) virtue and corruption (C) kindness and cruelty (D) passiveness and aggression (E) refinement and grossness 91. The excerpt is best described as (A) an enthusiastic celebration of youthful optimism (B) an ironic self-portrait colored by satiric observations (C) an imaginative evocation without didactic intention (D) a symbolic representation of intellectual creativity (E) a narrative episode with philosophical implications 92. In lines 1-7, which of the following devices is used to present nature, the boat, and the mountain echoes? (A) Personification (B) Apostrophe (C) Rhyme (D) Paradox (E) Simile 93. In lines 6-7, “the voice/Of mountain-echoes” serves to reinforce the speaker’s sense of (A) freedom (B) omnipotence (C) furtiveness (D) enthusiasm (E) despondency 94. At the conclusion of the excerpt, the “huge peak” (line 22) seems to represent which of the following for the speaker? (A) An emblem of the beauty of the natural world (B) A figure of undefined and unsettling significance (C) An allegorical representation of sin itself (D) A curious natural phenomenon (E) A trivial figment of the speaker’s imagination 95. Which of the following best describes the change in the outlook of the speaker during the course of this excerpt? (A) Naïveté to cynicism (B) Bravery to cowardice (C) Hope to despair (D) Daring to uncertainty (E) Eagerness to sloth 96. The dramatic situation in the poem is that of (A) a youth speaking to a lover (B) a priest speaking to a sinner (C) a reformer addressing an impoverished per (D) God addressing any human soul (E) an individual addressing his or her own soul 97. In the context of the poem, “Painting thy outward walls so costly gay” (line 4) refers to (A) camouflage (B) writing poetry (C) attending to physical appearances (D) pretending to be happy (E) preparations for a celebration 98. The poet signals a major shift at line 9 by changing from (A) entirely negative to entirely positive imagery (B) imagery of permanence to imagery of change (C) direct address to impersonal statement (D) material to spiritual imagery (E) questions to commands 99.The narrator of the passage can best be described as A) one of Miss Spivey’s former students. B) Miss Spivey’s predecessor C) an anonymous member of the community D) Miss Spivey herself. 100.In the passage, Threestep is mainly presented as a A) summer retreat for vacationers B) small rural town. C) town that is home to a prominent university D) comfortable suburb. 101.It can reasonably be inferred from the passage that some of the people at the train station regard Miss Spivey’s comment about the Georgia heat with A) sympathy, because they assume that she is experiencing intense heat for the first time B) disappointment, because they doubt that she will stay in Threestep for very long C) embarrassment, because they imagine that she is superior to them D) resentment, because they feel that she is minimizing their discomfort. 102.Which choice provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question? A) Lines 2-5 (“She stepped . . . angle”) B) Lines 10-14 (“I believe . . . else”) C) Lines 14-20 (“Irritated . . . excitement”) D) Lines 23-25 (“She’d gone . . . London”) 103.Miss Spivey most likely uses the phrase “fruitful intermission” (line 26) to indicate that A) she benefited from taking time off from her studies in order to travel. B) her travels with Janet Miller encouraged her to start medical school C) her early years at boarding school resulted in unanticipated rewards D) what she thought would be a short break from school lasted several years 104.The interaction between Miss Spivey and Ralphord serves mainly to A) suggest that Miss Spivey has an exaggerated view of what information should be considered common knowledge. B) establish a friendly dynamic between the charming schoolchildren and their indulgent and doting new instructor C) introduce Ralphord as a precocious young student and Miss Spivey as a dismissive and disinterested teacher D) demonstrate that the children want to amuse Miss Spivey with their questions. 105.In the third paragraph, what is the narrator most likely suggesting by describing Miss Spivey as having “wandered” (line 40) in one situation and “marched” (line 49) in another situation? A) Dewey, knowing Miss Spivey wasn’t very confident in her ability to teach, instilled in her a sense of determination B) Talking with Dewey over coffee made Miss Spivey realize how excited she was to teach in the poorest, most remote corner of America. C) After two years spent studying, Miss Spivey was anxious to start teaching and be in charge of her own classroom. D) Miss Spivey’s initial encounter with Dewey’s ideas was somewhat accidental but ultimately motivated her to decisive action 106.According to the passage, Miss Spivey ended up in Threestep as a direct result of A) her friendship with Janet Miller B) attending college in New York City. C) talking with a woman at the WPA. D) Miss Chandler’s retirement from teaching 107.In the passage, when Miss Spivey announces that she had seen camels, the students’ reaction suggests that they are A) delighted B) fascinated C) baffled. D) worried 108.Which choice provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question? A) Lines 82-84 (“She looked . . . thought”) B) Lines 85-86 (“We all . . . up”) C) Lines 87-90 (“She means . . . room”) D) Lines 91-95 (“Instead . . . right”) 109.The main purpose of the passage is to A) provide support for the claim that efforts to reduce traffic actually increase traffic B) dispute the widely held belief that building and improving mass transit systems is good for the environment. C) discuss the negative environmental consequences of car-focused development and suburban sprawl. D) argue that one way to reduce the negative environmental effects of traffic is to make driving less agreeable 110.Which choice best supports the idea that the author assumes that, all things being equal, people would rather drive than take mass transit A) Lines 1-5 (“Building . . . car”) B) Lines 5-8 (“To have . . . overall”) C) Lines 15-18 (“But they’re . . . productive”) D) Lines 19-22 (“One . . . commutes”) 111.As used in line 9, “backed up” most nearly means A) supported B) copied. C) substituted D) jammed. 112.In the first paragraph, the author concedes that his recommendations are A) costly to implement B) not widely supported C) strongly opposed by experts D) environmentally harmful in the short term 113.Based on the passage, how would the author most likely characterize many attempts to improve traffic? A) They are doomed to fail because most people like driving too much to change their habits. B) They overestimate how tolerant people are of long commutes C) They are well intentioned but ultimately lead to environmental harm D) They will only work if they make driving more economical and productive 114.Which choice provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question A) Lines 8-14 (“That . . . tolls”) B) Lines 22-26 (“That . . . enough”) C) Lines 31-40 (“If, in . . . worse”) D) Lines 64-67 (“Moving . . . use”) 115.According to the passage, reducing commuting time for drivers can have which of the following effects A) Drivers become more productive employees than they previously were B) Mass transit gets extended farther into suburban areas than it previously was C) Mass transit carries fewer passengers and receives less government funding than it previously did D) Drivers become more willing to live farther from their places of employment than they previously were. 116.As used in line 72, “promotes” most nearly means A) upgrades. B) serves C) advocates D) develops 117.According to figure 1, how many vehicles traveled on the altered road through the Southampton city center per day before the route was altered? A) 3,081 B) 5,316 C) 24,101 D) 26,522 118.Do the data in figure 1 support or weaken the argument of the author of the passage, and why? A) Support, because the data show that merely moving drivers out of cars can induce traffic. B) Support, because the data show that reducing road capacity can lead to a net reduction in traffic. C) Weaken, because the data show that in some cases road alterations lead to greater traffic on surrounding roads D) Weaken, because the data show that traffic reductions due to road alterations tend to be brief. 119.Based on figure 2, the engineers surveyed were most skeptical of the idea that in the event of a reallocation of road space, drivers would change A) when they travel B) their means of traveling. C) how often they make a journey D) their driving style. 120.Based on the passage, textbook authors in the early 1990s would most likely have expected which condition to result from the blocking of fast fibers? A) The rate at which other nerve fibers fired would increase. B) The test subject would perceive gentle stimuli as painful. C) The body would compensate by using slow fibers to sense pressure D) The ability to perceive vibrations would be impaired. 121.Which choice provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question? A) Lines 1-4 (“In the . . . temperature”) B) Lines 4-7 (“Sensations . . . location”) C) Lines 12-14 (“blocking . . . shock”) D) Lines 34-36 (“In contrast . . . 75 m/s”) 122.As used in line 18, “active” most nearly means A) present. B) attentive. C) movable. D) restless. 123.As used in line 24, “capture” most nearly means A) occupy. B) seize. C) record. D) influence. 124.Which conclusion is best supported by the findings of Olausson’s 1993 experiment? A) Stimulation at bodily extremities can be sensed as rapidly as stimulation closer to the brain. B) The presence of hairs in human skin lessens the speed with which nerves conduct signals. C) Gentle pressure is sensed not only by fast fibers but also by slow fibers D) The speed at which a nerve fires is dependent on the strength of pressure applied to the nerve. 126.Which choice provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question? A) Lines 22-26 (“Using . . . fired”) B) Lines 26-28 (“They . . . delayed”) C) Lines 28-30 (“The delay . . . later”) D) Lines 37-38 (“Then . . . fibers”) 127.The sentence in lines 43-45 (“But . . . mystifying”) serves mainly to A) identify factors that Olausson had previously failed to consider. B) propose a solution to a dilemma encountered by Olausson. C) anticipate a potential criticism of Olausson by the reader. D) show a problem from the perspective of Olausson’s team 128.It can reasonably be inferred that one of the intended goals of the 1999 experiment was to determine the A) precise nature of sensations that CT fibers can convey. B) relationship between body hair and CT fiber function. C) role played by CT fibers in the perception of pain. D) effect of microneurography on CT fiber signaling 129.The main purpose of the sixth paragraph (lines 64-75) is to A) identify those of G.L.’s neurological conditions that might be relieved by the experiment B) contextualize the nerve function of G.L. by comparing it with that of other adults C) detail procedures that G.L. had experienced during previous experiments D) indicate why G.L.’s medical condition was of value to Olausson’s experiment. 130.According to the passage, G.L. differed from Olausson’s other test subjects in terms of the A) number of cortices activated in the brain during gentle brushing. B) physical dimensions of the somatosensory cortex. C) intensity of nerve signals required to activate the insular cortex D) effect of MRI scanning on the basic function of brain cortices 131.According to the passage, humans experience an emotional aspect of touch when A) brain cortices are shielded from nerve signals B) CT fibers are exposed to a stimulus C) nerve fibers that sense pain are suppressed D) conscious aspects of sensation are ignored. 132.In Passage 1, Beveridge asserts that the resources and immensity of the United States constitute a A) safeguard against foreign invasion. B) replication of conditions in Europe C) divine gift to the American people D) source of envy for people in other countries 133.In the second paragraph of Passage 1 (lines 26-41), the commands given by Beveridge mainly serve to A) remind the audience of its civic responsibilities B) anticipate the benefits of a proposed policy C) emphasize the urgency of a national problem D) refute arguments that opponents have advanced. 134.As used in line 72, “recalled” most nearly means A) repeated. B) retracted. C) rejected. D) remembered 135.It can reasonably be inferred from Passage 2 that Bryan considers the preference for national sovereignty over foreign rule to be a A) reaction to the excesses of imperial governments in the modern era B) sign that the belief in human equality is widespread. C) testament to the effects of the foreign policy of the United States. D) manifestation of an innate drive in humans toward self-rule 136.Which choice provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question? A) Lines 53-56 (“If the . . . Henry”) B) Lines 72-73 (“It goes . . . influence”) C) Lines 79-81 (“He never . . . master”) D) Lines 82-85 (“Those . . . nation”) 137.As used in line 85, “calculate” most nearly means A) evaluate B) design C) assume. D) multiply 138.In developing their respective arguments, Beveridge (Passage 1) and Bryan (Passage 2) both express admiration for the A) founding and history of the United States. B) vibrancy and diversity of American culture. C) worldwide history of struggles for independence D) idealism that permeates many aspects of American society. 139.Which choice best describes a central difference between how Beveridge (Passage 1) and Bryan (Passage 2) view the concept of liberty as it is realized in the United States? A) Beveridge presents it as the direct inheritance of European colonization, whereas Bryan presents it as a sharp break from earlier governments in Europe. B) Beveridge considers it so exemplary as to justify conquest of other regions, whereas Bryan warns that its exemplary quality would be undermined by imperial expansion. C) Beveridge argues that it arose organically as the United States matured, whereas Bryan argues that it was present from the country’s beginnings D) Beveridge regards it as a model that should be shared with other countries, whereas Bryan believes that it is unique to the United States and could not work elsewhere 140.It can most reasonably be inferred from Passage 2 that Bryan would criticize the vision of American governance of island territories that Beveridge presents in Passage 1 for being A) unrealistic, since most Americans would be unwilling to relocate to distant islands B) deceptive, since economic domination would be the true goal of the American government C) impractical, since the islanders would insist upon an equal distribution of resources D) naive, since the islanders would object to being governed by Americans 141. Which choice best describes what happens in the passage? Akira came directly, breaking all tradition. Was that it? Had he followed form—had he asked his mother to speak to his father to approach a go-between—would Chie have been more receptive? He came on a winter’s eve. He pounded on the door while a cold rain beat on the shuttered veranda, so at first Chie thought him only the wind. The maid knew better. Chie heard her soft scuttling footsteps, the creak of the door. Then the maid brought a calling card to the drawing room, for Chie. Chie was reluctant to go to her guest; perhaps she was feeling too cozy. She and Naomi were reading at a low table set atop a charcoal brazier. A thick quilt spread over the sides of the table so their legs were tucked inside with the heat. “Who is it at this hour, in this weather?” Chie questioned as she picked the name card off the maid’s lacquer tray. “Shinoda, Akira. Kobe Dental College,” she read. Naomi recognized the name. Chie heard a soft intake of air. “I think you should go,” said Naomi. Akira was waiting in the entry. He was in his early twenties, slim and serious, wearing the black military-style uniform of a student. As he bowed—his hands hanging straight down, a black cap in one, a yellow oil-paper umbrella in the other—Chie glanced beyond him. In the glistening surface of the courtyard’s rain-drenched paving stones, she saw his reflection like a dark double. “Madame,” said Akira, “forgive my disruption, but I come with a matter of urgency.” His voice was soft, refined. He straightened and stole a deferential peek at her face. In the dim light his eyes shone with sincerity. Chie felt herself starting to like him. “Come inside, get out of this nasty night. Surely your business can wait for a moment or two.” “I don’t want to trouble you. Normally I would approach you more properly but I’ve received word of a position. I’ve an opportunity to go to America, as dentist for Seattle’s Japanese community.” “Congratulations,” Chie said with amusement. “That is an opportunity, I’m sure. But how am I involved?” Even noting Naomi’s breathless reaction to the name card, Chie had no idea. Akira’s message, delivered like a formal speech, filled her with maternal amusement. You know how children speak so earnestly, so hurriedly, so endearingly about things that have no importance in an adult’s mind? That’s how she viewed him, as a child. It was how she viewed Naomi. Even though Naomi was eighteen and training endlessly in the arts needed to make a good marriage, Chie had made no effort to find her a husband. Akira blushed. “Depending on your response, I may stay in Japan. I’ve come to ask for Naomi’s hand.” Suddenly Chie felt the dampness of the night. “Does Naomi know anything of your... ambitions?” “We have an understanding. Please don’t judge my candidacy by the unseemliness of this proposal. I ask directly because the use of a go-between takes much time. Either method comes down to the same thing: a matter of parental approval. If you give your consent, I become Naomi’s yoshi.* We’ll live in the House of Fuji. Without your consent, I must go to America, to secure a new home for my bride.” Eager to make his point, he’d been looking her full in the face. Abruptly, his voice turned gentle. “I see I’ve startled you. My humble apologies. I’ll take no more of your evening. My address is on my card. If you don’t wish to contact me, I’ll reapproach you in two weeks’ time. Until then, good night.” He bowed and left. Taking her ease, with effortless grace, like a cat making off with a fish. “Mother?” Chie heard Naomi’s low voice and turned from the door. “He has asked you?” The sight of Naomi’s clear eyes, her dark brows gave Chie strength. Maybe his hopes were preposterous. “Where did you meet such a fellow? Imagine! He 85. thinks he can marry the Fuji heir and take her to America all in the snap of his fingers!” Chie waited for Naomi’s ripe laughter. Naomi was silent. She stood a full half minute looking straight into Chie’s eyes. Finally, she spoke. “ I met him at my literary meeting.” Naomi turned to go back into the house, then stopped. “Mother.” “Yes?” “I mean to have him.” A) One character argues with another character who intrudes on her home. B) One character receives a surprising request from another character. C) One character reminisces about choices she has made over the years D) One character criticizes another character for pursuing an unexpected course of action 142. Which choice best describes the developmental pattern of the passage? Akira came directly, breaking all tradition. Was that it? Had he followed form—had he asked his mother to speak to his father to approach a go-between—would Chie have been more receptive? He came on a winter’s eve. He pounded on the door while a cold rain beat on the shuttered veranda, so at first Chie thought him only the wind. The maid knew better. Chie heard her soft scuttling footsteps, the creak of the door. Then the maid brought a calling card to the drawing room, for Chie. Chie was reluctant to go to her guest; perhaps she was feeling too cozy. She and Naomi were reading at a low table set atop a charcoal brazier. A thick quilt spread over the sides of the table so their legs were tucked inside with the heat. “Who is it at this hour, in this weather?” Chie questioned as she picked the name card off the maid’s lacquer tray. “Shinoda, Akira. Kobe Dental College,” she read. Naomi recognized the name. Chie heard a soft intake of air. “I think you should go,” said Naomi. Akira was waiting in the entry. He was in his early twenties, slim and serious, wearing the black military-style uniform of a student. As he bowed—his hands hanging straight down, a black cap in one, a yellow oil-paper umbrella in the other—Chie glanced beyond him. In the glistening surface of the courtyard’s rain-drenched paving stones, she saw his reflection like a dark double. “Madame,” said Akira, “forgive my disruption, but I come with a matter of urgency.” His voice was soft, refined. He straightened and stole a deferential peek at her face. In the dim light his eyes shone with sincerity. Chie felt herself starting to like him. “Come inside, get out of this nasty night. Surely your business can wait for a moment or two.” “I don’t want to trouble you. Normally I would approach you more properly but I’ve received word of a position. I’ve an opportunity to go to America, as dentist for Seattle’s Japanese community.” “Congratulations,” Chie said with amusement. “That is an opportunity, I’m sure. But how am I involved?” Even noting Naomi’s breathless reaction to the name card, Chie had no idea. Akira’s message, delivered like a formal speech, filled her with maternal amusement. You know how children speak so earnestly, so hurriedly, so endearingly about things that have no importance in an adult’s mind? That’s how she viewed him, as a child. It was how she viewed Naomi. Even though Naomi was eighteen and training endlessly in the arts needed to make a good marriage, Chie had made no effort to find her a husband. Akira blushed. “Depending on your response, I may stay in Japan. I’ve come to ask for Naomi’s hand.” Suddenly Chie felt the dampness of the night. “Does Naomi know anything of your... ambitions?” “We have an understanding. Please don’t judge my candidacy by the unseemliness of this proposal. I ask directly because the use of a go-between takes much time. Either method comes down to the same thing: a matter of parental approval. If you give your consent, I become Naomi’s yoshi.* We’ll live in the House of Fuji. Without your consent, I must go to America, to secure a new home for my bride.” Eager to make his point, he’d been looking her full in the face. Abruptly, his voice turned gentle. “I see I’ve startled you. My humble apologies. I’ll take no more of your evening. My address is on my card. If you don’t wish to contact me, I’ll reapproach you in two weeks’ time. Until then, good night.” He bowed and left. Taking her ease, with effortless grace, like a cat making off with a fish. “Mother?” Chie heard Naomi’s low voice and turned from the door. “He has asked you?” The sight of Naomi’s clear eyes, her dark brows gave Chie strength. Maybe his hopes were preposterous. “Where did you meet such a fellow? Imagine! He 85. thinks he can marry the Fuji heir and take her to America all in the snap of his fingers!” Chie waited for Naomi’s ripe laughter. Naomi was silent. She stood a full half minute looking straight into Chie’s eyes. Finally, she spoke. “ I met him at my literary meeting.” Naomi turned to go back into the house, then stopped. “Mother.” “Yes?” “I mean to have him.” A) A careful analysis of a traditional practice B) A detailed depiction of a meaningful encounter C) A definitive response to a series of questions D) A cheerful recounting of an amusing anecdote 143. As used in line 1 and line 65, “directly” most nearly means Akira came directly, breaking all tradition. Was that it? Had he followed form—had he asked his mother to speak to his father to approach a go-between—would Chie have been more receptive? He came on a winter’s eve. He pounded on the door while a cold rain beat on the shuttered veranda, so at first Chie thought him only the wind. The maid knew better. Chie heard her soft scuttling footsteps, the creak of the door. Then the maid brought a calling card to the drawing room, for Chie. Chie was reluctant to go to her guest; perhaps she was feeling too cozy. She and Naomi were reading at a low table set atop a charcoal brazier. A thick quilt spread over the sides of the table so their legs were tucked inside with the heat. “Who is it at this hour, in this weather?” Chie questioned as she picked the name card off the maid’s lacquer tray. “Shinoda, Akira. Kobe Dental College,” she read. Naomi recognized the name. Chie heard a soft intake of air. “I think you should go,” said Naomi. Akira was waiting in the entry. He was in his early twenties, slim and serious, wearing the black military-style uniform of a student. As he bowed—his hands hanging straight down, a black cap in one, a yellow oil-paper umbrella in the other—Chie glanced beyond him. In the glistening surface of the courtyard’s rain-drenched paving stones, she saw his reflection like a dark double. “Madame,” said Akira, “forgive my disruption, but I come with a matter of urgency.” His voice was soft, refined. He straightened and stole a deferential peek at her face. In the dim light his eyes shone with sincerity. Chie felt herself starting to like him. “Come inside, get out of this nasty night. Surely your business can wait for a moment or two.” “I don’t want to trouble you. Normally I would approach you more properly but I’ve received word of a position. I’ve an opportunity to go to America, as dentist for Seattle’s Japanese community.” “Congratulations,” Chie said with amusement. “That is an opportunity, I’m sure. But how am I involved?” Even noting Naomi’s breathless reaction to the name card, Chie had no idea. Akira’s message, delivered like a formal speech, filled her with maternal amusement. You know how children speak so earnestly, so hurriedly, so endearingly about things that have no importance in an adult’s mind? That’s how she viewed him, as a child. It was how she viewed Naomi. Even though Naomi was eighteen and training endlessly in the arts needed to make a good marriage, Chie had made no effort to find her a husband. Akira blushed. “Depending on your response, I may stay in Japan. I’ve come to ask for Naomi’s hand.” Suddenly Chie felt the dampness of the night. “Does Naomi know anything of your... ambitions?” “We have an understanding. Please don’t judge my candidacy by the unseemliness of this proposal. I ask directly because the use of a go-between takes much time. Either method comes down to the same thing: a matter of parental approval. If you give your consent, I become Naomi’s yoshi.* We’ll live in the House of Fuji. Without your consent, I must go to America, to secure a new home for my bride.” Eager to make his point, he’d been looking her full in the face. Abruptly, his voice turned gentle. “I see I’ve startled you. My humble apologies. I’ll take no more of your evening. My address is on my card. If you don’t wish to contact me, I’ll reapproach you in two weeks’ time. Until then, good night.” He bowed and left. Taking her ease, with effortless grace, like a cat making off with a fish. “Mother?” Chie heard Naomi’s low voice and turned from the door. “He has asked you?” The sight of Naomi’s clear eyes, her dark brows gave Chie strength. Maybe his hopes were preposterous. “Where did you meet such a fellow? Imagine! He 85. thinks he can marry the Fuji heir and take her to America all in the snap of his fingers!” Chie waited for Naomi’s ripe laughter. Naomi was silent. She stood a full half minute looking straight into Chie’s eyes. Finally, she spoke. “ I met him at my literary meeting.” Naomi turned to go back into the house, then stopped. “Mother.” “Yes?” “I mean to have him.” A) frankly. B) confidently. C) without mediation. D) with precision. 144. Which reaction does Akira most fear from Chie? Akira came directly, breaking all tradition. Was that it? Had he followed form—had he asked his mother to speak to his father to approach a go-between—would Chie have been more receptive? He came on a winter’s eve. He pounded on the door while a cold rain beat on the shuttered veranda, so at first Chie thought him only the wind. The maid knew better. Chie heard her soft scuttling footsteps, the creak of the door. Then the maid brought a calling card to the drawing room, for Chie. Chie was reluctant to go to her guest; perhaps she was feeling too cozy. She and Naomi were reading at a low table set atop a charcoal brazier. A thick quilt spread over the sides of the table so their legs were tucked inside with the heat. “Who is it at this hour, in this weather?” Chie questioned as she picked the name card off the maid’s lacquer tray. “Shinoda, Akira. Kobe Dental College,” she read. Naomi recognized the name. Chie heard a soft intake of air. “I think you should go,” said Naomi. Akira was waiting in the entry. He was in his early twenties, slim and serious, wearing the black military-style uniform of a student. As he bowed—his hands hanging straight down, a black cap in one, a yellow oil-paper umbrella in the other—Chie glanced beyond him. In the glistening surface of the courtyard’s rain-drenched paving stones, she saw his reflection like a dark double. “Madame,” said Akira, “forgive my disruption, but I come with a matter of urgency.” His voice was soft, refined. He straightened and stole a deferential peek at her face. In the dim light his eyes shone with sincerity. Chie felt herself starting to like him. “Come inside, get out of this nasty night. Surely your business can wait for a moment or two.” “I don’t want to trouble you. Normally I would approach you more properly but I’ve received word of a position. I’ve an opportunity to go to America, as dentist for Seattle’s Japanese community.” “Congratulations,” Chie said with amusement. “That is an opportunity, I’m sure. But how am I involved?” Even noting Naomi’s breathless reaction to the name card, Chie had no idea. Akira’s message, delivered like a formal speech, filled her with maternal amusement. You know how children speak so earnestly, so hurriedly, so endearingly about things that have no importance in an adult’s mind? That’s how she viewed him, as a child. It was how she viewed Naomi. Even though Naomi was eighteen and training endlessly in the arts needed to make a good marriage, Chie had made no effort to find her a husband. Akira blushed. “Depending on your response, I may stay in Japan. I’ve come to ask for Naomi’s hand.” Suddenly Chie felt the dampness of the night. “Does Naomi know anything of your... ambitions?” “We have an understanding. Please don’t judge my candidacy by the unseemliness of this proposal. I ask directly because the use of a go-between takes much time. Either method comes down to the same thing: a matter of parental approval. If you give your consent, I become Naomi’s yoshi.* We’ll live in the House of Fuji. Without your consent, I must go to America, to secure a new home for my bride.” Eager to make his point, he’d been looking her full in the face. Abruptly, his voice turned gentle. “I see I’ve startled you. My humble apologies. I’ll take no more of your evening. My address is on my card. If you don’t wish to contact me, I’ll reapproach you in two weeks’ time. Until then, good night.” He bowed and left. Taking her ease, with effortless grace, like a cat making off with a fish. “Mother?” Chie heard Naomi’s low voice and turned from the door. “He has asked you?” The sight of Naomi’s clear eyes, her dark brows gave Chie strength. Maybe his hopes were preposterous. “Where did you meet such a fellow? Imagine! He 85. thinks he can marry the Fuji heir and take her to America all in the snap of his fingers!” Chie waited for Naomi’s ripe laughter. Naomi was silent. She stood a full half minute looking straight into Chie’s eyes. Finally, she spoke. “ I met him at my literary meeting.” Naomi turned to go back into the house, then stopped. “Mother.” “Yes?” “I mean to have him.” A) She will consider his proposal inappropriate. B) She will mistake his earnestness for immaturity. C) She will consider his unscheduled visit an imposition. D) She will underestimate the sincerity of his emotions 145. Which choice provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question? Akira came directly, breaking all tradition. Was that it? Had he followed form—had he asked his mother to speak to his father to approach a go-between—would Chie have been more receptive? He came on a winter’s eve. He pounded on the door while a cold rain beat on the shuttered veranda, so at first Chie thought him only the wind. The maid knew better. Chie heard her soft scuttling footsteps, the creak of the door. Then the maid brought a calling card to the drawing room, for Chie. Chie was reluctant to go to her guest; perhaps she was feeling too cozy. She and Naomi were reading at a low table set atop a charcoal brazier. A thick quilt spread over the sides of the table so their legs were tucked inside with the heat. “Who is it at this hour, in this weather?” Chie questioned as she picked the name card off the maid’s lacquer tray. “Shinoda, Akira. Kobe Dental College,” she read. Naomi recognized the name. Chie heard a soft intake of air. “I think you should go,” said Naomi. Akira was waiting in the entry. He was in his early twenties, slim and serious, wearing the black military-style uniform of a student. As he bowed—his hands hanging straight down, a black cap in one, a yellow oil-paper umbrella in the other—Chie glanced beyond him. In the glistening surface of the courtyard’s rain-drenched paving stones, she saw his reflection like a dark double. “Madame,” said Akira, “forgive my disruption, but I come with a matter of urgency.” His voice was soft, refined. He straightened and stole a deferential peek at her face. In the dim light his eyes shone with sincerity. Chie felt herself starting to like him. “Come inside, get out of this nasty night. Surely your business can wait for a moment or two.” “I don’t want to trouble you. Normally I would approach you more properly but I’ve received word of a position. I’ve an opportunity to go to America, as dentist for Seattle’s Japanese community.” “Congratulations,” Chie said with amusement. “That is an opportunity, I’m sure. But how am I involved?” Even noting Naomi’s breathless reaction to the name card, Chie had no idea. Akira’s message, delivered like a formal speech, filled her with maternal amusement. You know how children speak so earnestly, so hurriedly, so endearingly about things that have no importance in an adult’s mind? That’s how she viewed him, as a child. It was how she viewed Naomi. Even though Naomi was eighteen and training endlessly in the arts needed to make a good marriage, Chie had made no effort to find her a husband. Akira blushed. “Depending on your response, I may stay in Japan. I’ve come to ask for Naomi’s hand.” Suddenly Chie felt the dampness of the night. “Does Naomi know anything of your... ambitions?” “We have an understanding. Please don’t judge my candidacy by the unseemliness of this proposal. I ask directly because the use of a go-between takes much time. Either method comes down to the same thing: a matter of parental approval. If you give your consent, I become Naomi’s yoshi.* We’ll live in the House of Fuji. Without your consent, I must go to America, to secure a new home for my bride.” Eager to make his point, he’d been looking her full in the face. Abruptly, his voice turned gentle. “I see I’ve startled you. My humble apologies. I’ll take no more of your evening. My address is on my card. If you don’t wish to contact me, I’ll reapproach you in two weeks’ time. Until then, good night.” He bowed and left. Taking her ease, with effortless grace, like a cat making off with a fish. “Mother?” Chie heard Naomi’s low voice and turned from the door. “He has asked you?” The sight of Naomi’s clear eyes, her dark brows gave Chie strength. Maybe his hopes were preposterous. “Where did you meet such a fellow? Imagine! He 85. thinks he can marry the Fuji heir and take her to America all in the snap of his fingers!” Chie waited for Naomi’s ripe laughter. Naomi was silent. She stood a full half minute looking straight into Chie’s eyes. Finally, she spoke. “ I met him at my literary meeting.” Naomi turned to go back into the house, then stopped. “Mother.” “Yes?” “I mean to have him.” A) Line 33 (“His voice... refined”) B) Lines 49-51 (“You... mind”) C) Lines 63-64 (“Please... proposal”) D) Lines 71-72 (“Eager... face”) 146. In the passage, Akira addresses Chie with Akira came directly, breaking all tradition. Was that it? Had he followed form—had he asked his mother to speak to his father to approach a go-between—would Chie have been more receptive? He came on a winter’s eve. He pounded on the door while a cold rain beat on the shuttered veranda, so at first Chie thought him only the wind. The maid knew better. Chie heard her soft scuttling footsteps, the creak of the door. Then the maid brought a calling card to the drawing room, for Chie. Chie was reluctant to go to her guest; perhaps she was feeling too cozy. She and Naomi were reading at a low table set atop a charcoal brazier. A thick quilt spread over the sides of the table so their legs were tucked inside with the heat. “Who is it at this hour, in this weather?” Chie questioned as she picked the name card off the maid’s lacquer tray. “Shinoda, Akira. Kobe Dental College,” she read. Naomi recognized the name. Chie heard a soft intake of air. “I think you should go,” said Naomi. Akira was waiting in the entry. He was in his early twenties, slim and serious, wearing the black military-style uniform of a student. As he bowed—his hands hanging straight down, a black cap in one, a yellow oil-paper umbrella in the other—Chie glanced beyond him. In the glistening surface of the courtyard’s rain-drenched paving stones, she saw his reflection like a dark double. “Madame,” said Akira, “forgive my disruption, but I come with a matter of urgency.” His voice was soft, refined. He straightened and stole a deferential peek at her face. In the dim light his eyes shone with sincerity. Chie felt herself starting to like him. “Come inside, get out of this nasty night. Surely your business can wait for a moment or two.” “I don’t want to trouble you. Normally I would approach you more properly but I’ve received word of a position. I’ve an opportunity to go to America, as dentist for Seattle’s Japanese community.” “Congratulations,” Chie said with amusement. “That is an opportunity, I’m sure. But how am I involved?” Even noting Naomi’s breathless reaction to the name card, Chie had no idea. Akira’s message, delivered like a formal speech, filled her with maternal amusement. You know how children speak so earnestly, so hurriedly, so endearingly about things that have no importance in an adult’s mind? That’s how she viewed him, as a child. It was how she viewed Naomi. Even though Naomi was eighteen and training endlessly in the arts needed to make a good marriage, Chie had made no effort to find her a husband. Akira blushed. “Depending on your response, I may stay in Japan. I’ve come to ask for Naomi’s hand.” Suddenly Chie felt the dampness of the night. “Does Naomi know anything of your... ambitions?” “We have an understanding. Please don’t judge my candidacy by the unseemliness of this proposal. I ask directly because the use of a go-between takes much time. Either method comes down to the same thing: a matter of parental approval. If you give your consent, I become Naomi’s yoshi.* We’ll live in the House of Fuji. Without your consent, I must go to America, to secure a new home for my bride.” Eager to make his point, he’d been looking her full in the face. Abruptly, his voice turned gentle. “I see I’ve startled you. My humble apologies. I’ll take no more of your evening. My address is on my card. If you don’t wish to contact me, I’ll reapproach you in two weeks’ time. Until then, good night.” He bowed and left. Taking her ease, with effortless grace, like a cat making off with a fish. “Mother?” Chie heard Naomi’s low voice and turned from the door. “He has asked you?” The sight of Naomi’s clear eyes, her dark brows gave Chie strength. Maybe his hopes were preposterous. “Where did you meet such a fellow? Imagine! He 85. thinks he can marry the Fuji heir and take her to America all in the snap of his fingers!” Chie waited for Naomi’s ripe laughter. Naomi was silent. She stood a full half minute looking straight into Chie’s eyes. Finally, she spoke. “ I met him at my literary meeting.” Naomi turned to go back into the house, then stopped. “Mother.” “Yes?” “I mean to have him.” A) affection but not genuine love. B) objectivity but not complete impartiality. C) amusement but not mocking disparagement. D) respect but not utter deference. 147. The main purpose of the first paragraph is to Akira came directly, breaking all tradition. Was that it? Had he followed form—had he asked his mother to speak to his father to approach a go-between—would Chie have been more receptive? He came on a winter’s eve. He pounded on the door while a cold rain beat on the shuttered veranda, so at first Chie thought him only the wind. The maid knew better. Chie heard her soft scuttling footsteps, the creak of the door. Then the maid brought a calling card to the drawing room, for Chie. Chie was reluctant to go to her guest; perhaps she was feeling too cozy. She and Naomi were reading at a low table set atop a charcoal brazier. A thick quilt spread over the sides of the table so their legs were tucked inside with the heat. “Who is it at this hour, in this weather?” Chie questioned as she picked the name card off the maid’s lacquer tray. “Shinoda, Akira. Kobe Dental College,” she read. Naomi recognized the name. Chie heard a soft intake of air. “I think you should go,” said Naomi. Akira was waiting in the entry. He was in his early twenties, slim and serious, wearing the black military-style uniform of a student. As he bowed—his hands hanging straight down, a black cap in one, a yellow oil-paper umbrella in the other—Chie glanced beyond him. In the glistening surface of the courtyard’s rain-drenched paving stones, she saw his reflection like a dark double. “Madame,” said Akira, “forgive my disruption, but I come with a matter of urgency.” His voice was soft, refined. He straightened and stole a deferential peek at her face. In the dim light his eyes shone with sincerity. Chie felt herself starting to like him. “Come inside, get out of this nasty night. Surely your business can wait for a moment or two.” “I don’t want to trouble you. Normally I would approach you more properly but I’ve received word of a position. I’ve an opportunity to go to America, as dentist for Seattle’s Japanese community.” “Congratulations,” Chie said with amusement. “That is an opportunity, I’m sure. But how am I involved?” Even noting Naomi’s breathless reaction to the name card, Chie had no idea. Akira’s message, delivered like a formal speech, filled her with maternal amusement. You know how children speak so earnestly, so hurriedly, so endearingly about things that have no importance in an adult’s mind? That’s how she viewed him, as a child. It was how she viewed Naomi. Even though Naomi was eighteen and training endlessly in the arts needed to make a good marriage, Chie had made no effort to find her a husband. Akira blushed. “Depending on your response, I may stay in Japan. I’ve come to ask for Naomi’s hand.” Suddenly Chie felt the dampness of the night. “Does Naomi know anything of your... ambitions?” “We have an understanding. Please don’t judge my candidacy by the unseemliness of this proposal. I ask directly because the use of a go-between takes much time. Either method comes down to the same thing: a matter of parental approval. If you give your consent, I become Naomi’s yoshi.* We’ll live in the House of Fuji. Without your consent, I must go to America, to secure a new home for my bride.” Eager to make his point, he’d been looking her full in the face. Abruptly, his voice turned gentle. “I see I’ve startled you. My humble apologies. I’ll take no more of your evening. My address is on my card. If you don’t wish to contact me, I’ll reapproach you in two weeks’ time. Until then, good night.” He bowed and left. Taking her ease, with effortless grace, like a cat making off with a fish. “Mother?” Chie heard Naomi’s low voice and turned from the door. “He has asked you?” The sight of Naomi’s clear eyes, her dark brows gave Chie strength. Maybe his hopes were preposterous. “Where did you meet such a fellow? Imagine! He 85. thinks he can marry the Fuji heir and take her to America all in the snap of his fingers!” Chie waited for Naomi’s ripe laughter. Naomi was silent. She stood a full half minute looking straight into Chie’s eyes. Finally, she spoke. “ I met him at my literary meeting.” Naomi turned to go back into the house, then stopped. “Mother.” “Yes?” “I mean to have him.” A) describe a culture. B) criticize a tradition. C) question a suggestion. D) analyze a reaction. 148. As used in line 2, “form” most nearly means Akira came directly, breaking all tradition. Was that it? Had he followed form—had he asked his mother to speak to his father to approach a go-between—would Chie have been more receptive? He came on a winter’s eve. He pounded on the door while a cold rain beat on the shuttered veranda, so at first Chie thought him only the wind. The maid knew better. Chie heard her soft scuttling footsteps, the creak of the door. Then the maid brought a calling card to the drawing room, for Chie. Chie was reluctant to go to her guest; perhaps she was feeling too cozy. She and Naomi were reading at a low table set atop a charcoal brazier. A thick quilt spread over the sides of the table so their legs were tucked inside with the heat. “Who is it at this hour, in this weather?” Chie questioned as she picked the name card off the maid’s lacquer tray. “Shinoda, Akira. Kobe Dental College,” she read. Naomi recognized the name. Chie heard a soft intake of air. “I think you should go,” said Naomi. Akira was waiting in the entry. He was in his early twenties, slim and serious, wearing the black military-style uniform of a student. As he bowed—his hands hanging straight down, a black cap in one, a yellow oil-paper umbrella in the other—Chie glanced beyond him. In the glistening surface of the courtyard’s rain-drenched paving stones, she saw his reflection like a dark double. “Madame,” said Akira, “forgive my disruption, but I come with a matter of urgency.” His voice was soft, refined. He straightened and stole a deferential peek at her face. In the dim light his eyes shone with sincerity. Chie felt herself starting to like him. “Come inside, get out of this nasty night. Surely your business can wait for a moment or two.” “I don’t want to trouble you. Normally I would approach you more properly but I’ve received word of a position. I’ve an opportunity to go to America, as dentist for Seattle’s Japanese community.” “Congratulations,” Chie said with amusement. “That is an opportunity, I’m sure. But how am I involved?” Even noting Naomi’s breathless reaction to the name card, Chie had no idea. Akira’s message, delivered like a formal speech, filled her with maternal amusement. You know how children speak so earnestly, so hurriedly, so endearingly about things that have no importance in an adult’s mind? That’s how she viewed him, as a child. It was how she viewed Naomi. Even though Naomi was eighteen and training endlessly in the arts needed to make a good marriage, Chie had made no effort to find her a husband. Akira blushed. “Depending on your response, I may stay in Japan. I’ve come to ask for Naomi’s hand.” Suddenly Chie felt the dampness of the night. “Does Naomi know anything of your... ambitions?” “We have an understanding. Please don’t judge my candidacy by the unseemliness of this proposal. I ask directly because the use of a go-between takes much time. Either method comes down to the same thing: a matter of parental approval. If you give your consent, I become Naomi’s yoshi.* We’ll live in the House of Fuji. Without your consent, I must go to America, to secure a new home for my bride.” Eager to make his point, he’d been looking her full in the face. Abruptly, his voice turned gentle. “I see I’ve startled you. My humble apologies. I’ll take no more of your evening. My address is on my card. If you don’t wish to contact me, I’ll reapproach you in two weeks’ time. Until then, good night.” He bowed and left. Taking her ease, with effortless grace, like a cat making off with a fish. “Mother?” Chie heard Naomi’s low voice and turned from the door. “He has asked you?” The sight of Naomi’s clear eyes, her dark brows gave Chie strength. Maybe his hopes were preposterous. “Where did you meet such a fellow? Imagine! He 85. thinks he can marry the Fuji heir and take her to America all in the snap of his fingers!” Chie waited for Naomi’s ripe laughter. Naomi was silent. She stood a full half minute looking straight into Chie’s eyes. Finally, she spoke. “ I met him at my literary meeting.” Naomi turned to go back into the house, then stopped. “Mother.” “Yes?” “I mean to have him.” A) appearance. B) custom. C) structure. D) nature. 149. Why does Akira say his meeting with Chie is “a matter of urgency” (line 32)? Akira came directly, breaking all tradition. Was that it? Had he followed form—had he asked his mother to speak to his father to approach a go-between—would Chie have been more receptive? He came on a winter’s eve. He pounded on the door while a cold rain beat on the shuttered veranda, so at first Chie thought him only the wind. The maid knew better. Chie heard her soft scuttling footsteps, the creak of the door. Then the maid brought a calling card to the drawing room, for Chie. Chie was reluctant to go to her guest; perhaps she was feeling too cozy. She and Naomi were reading at a low table set atop a charcoal brazier. A thick quilt spread over the sides of the table so their legs were tucked inside with the heat. “Who is it at this hour, in this weather?” Chie questioned as she picked the name card off the maid’s lacquer tray. “Shinoda, Akira. Kobe Dental College,” she read. Naomi recognized the name. Chie heard a soft intake of air. “I think you should go,” said Naomi. Akira was waiting in the entry. He was in his early twenties, slim and serious, wearing the black military-style uniform of a student. As he bowed—his hands hanging straight down, a black cap in one, a yellow oil-paper umbrella in the other—Chie glanced beyond him. In the glistening surface of the courtyard’s rain-drenched paving stones, she saw his reflection like a dark double. “Madame,” said Akira, “forgive my disruption, but I come with a matter of urgency.” His voice was soft, refined. He straightened and stole a deferential peek at her face. In the dim light his eyes shone with sincerity. Chie felt herself starting to like him. “Come inside, get out of this nasty night. Surely your business can wait for a moment or two.” “I don’t want to trouble you. Normally I would approach you more properly but I’ve received word of a position. I’ve an opportunity to go to America, as dentist for Seattle’s Japanese community.” “Congratulations,” Chie said with amusement. “That is an opportunity, I’m sure. But how am I involved?” Even noting Naomi’s breathless reaction to the name card, Chie had no idea. Akira’s message, delivered like a formal speech, filled her with maternal amusement. You know how children speak so earnestly, so hurriedly, so endearingly about things that have no importance in an adult’s mind? That’s how she viewed him, as a child. It was how she viewed Naomi. Even though Naomi was eighteen and training endlessly in the arts needed to make a good marriage, Chie had made no effort to find her a husband. Akira blushed. “Depending on your response, I may stay in Japan. I’ve come to ask for Naomi’s hand.” Suddenly Chie felt the dampness of the night. “Does Naomi know anything of your... ambitions?” “We have an understanding. Please don’t judge my candidacy by the unseemliness of this proposal. I ask directly because the use of a go-between takes much time. Either method comes down to the same thing: a matter of parental approval. If you give your consent, I become Naomi’s yoshi.* We’ll live in the House of Fuji. Without your consent, I must go to America, to secure a new home for my bride.” Eager to make his point, he’d been looking her full in the face. Abruptly, his voice turned gentle. “I see I’ve startled you. My humble apologies. I’ll take no more of your evening. My address is on my card. If you don’t wish to contact me, I’ll reapproach you in two weeks’ time. Until then, good night.” He bowed and left. Taking her ease, with effortless grace, like a cat making off with a fish. “Mother?” Chie heard Naomi’s low voice and turned from the door. “He has asked you?” The sight of Naomi’s clear eyes, her dark brows gave Chie strength. Maybe his hopes were preposterous. “Where did you meet such a fellow? Imagine! He 85. thinks he can marry the Fuji heir and take her to America all in the snap of his fingers!” Chie waited for Naomi’s ripe laughter. Naomi was silent. She stood a full half minute looking straight into Chie’s eyes. Finally, she spoke. “ I met him at my literary meeting.” Naomi turned to go back into the house, then stopped. “Mother.” “Yes?” “I mean to have him.” A) He fears that his own parents will disapprove of Naomi B) He worries that Naomi will reject him and marry someone else. C) He has been offered an attractive job in another country. D) He knows that Chie is unaware of his feelings for Naomi. 150. Which choice provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question Akira came directly, breaking all tradition. Was that it? Had he followed form—had he asked his mother to speak to his father to approach a go-between—would Chie have been more receptive? He came on a winter’s eve. He pounded on the door while a cold rain beat on the shuttered veranda, so at first Chie thought him only the wind. The maid knew better. Chie heard her soft scuttling footsteps, the creak of the door. Then the maid brought a calling card to the drawing room, for Chie. Chie was reluctant to go to her guest; perhaps she was feeling too cozy. She and Naomi were reading at a low table set atop a charcoal brazier. A thick quilt spread over the sides of the table so their legs were tucked inside with the heat. “Who is it at this hour, in this weather?” Chie questioned as she picked the name card off the maid’s lacquer tray. “Shinoda, Akira. Kobe Dental College,” she read. Naomi recognized the name. Chie heard a soft intake of air. “I think you should go,” said Naomi. Akira was waiting in the entry. He was in his early twenties, slim and serious, wearing the black military-style uniform of a student. As he bowed—his hands hanging straight down, a black cap in one, a yellow oil-paper umbrella in the other—Chie glanced beyond him. In the glistening surface of the courtyard’s rain-drenched paving stones, she saw his reflection like a dark double. “Madame,” said Akira, “forgive my disruption, but I come with a matter of urgency.” His voice was soft, refined. He straightened and stole a deferential peek at her face. In the dim light his eyes shone with sincerity. Chie felt herself starting to like him. “Come inside, get out of this nasty night. Surely your business can wait for a moment or two.” “I don’t want to trouble you. Normally I would approach you more properly but I’ve received word of a position. I’ve an opportunity to go to America, as dentist for Seattle’s Japanese community.” “Congratulations,” Chie said with amusement. “That is an opportunity, I’m sure. But how am I involved?” Even noting Naomi’s breathless reaction to the name card, Chie had no idea. Akira’s message, delivered like a formal speech, filled her with maternal amusement. You know how children speak so earnestly, so hurriedly, so endearingly about things that have no importance in an adult’s mind? That’s how she viewed him, as a child. It was how she viewed Naomi. Even though Naomi was eighteen and training endlessly in the arts needed to make a good marriage, Chie had made no effort to find her a husband. Akira blushed. “Depending on your response, I may stay in Japan. I’ve come to ask for Naomi’s hand.” Suddenly Chie felt the dampness of the night. “Does Naomi know anything of your... ambitions?” “We have an understanding. Please don’t judge my candidacy by the unseemliness of this proposal. I ask directly because the use of a go-between takes much time. Either method comes down to the same thing: a matter of parental approval. If you give your consent, I become Naomi’s yoshi.* We’ll live in the House of Fuji. Without your consent, I must go to America, to secure a new home for my bride.” Eager to make his point, he’d been looking her full in the face. Abruptly, his voice turned gentle. “I see I’ve startled you. My humble apologies. I’ll take no more of your evening. My address is on my card. If you don’t wish to contact me, I’ll reapproach you in two weeks’ time. Until then, good night.” He bowed and left. Taking her ease, with effortless grace, like a cat making off with a fish. “Mother?” Chie heard Naomi’s low voice and turned from the door. “He has asked you?” The sight of Naomi’s clear eyes, her dark brows gave Chie strength. Maybe his hopes were preposterous. “Where did you meet such a fellow? Imagine! He 85. thinks he can marry the Fuji heir and take her to America all in the snap of his fingers!” Chie waited for Naomi’s ripe laughter. Naomi was silent. She stood a full half minute looking straight into Chie’s eyes. Finally, she spoke. “ I met him at my literary meeting.” Naomi turned to go back into the house, then stopped. “Mother.” “Yes?” “I mean to have him.” A) Line 39 (“I don’t... you”) B) Lines 39-42 (“Normally... community”) C) Lines 58-59 (“Depending... Japan”) D) Lines 72-73 (“I see... you”) 151. The main purpose of the passage is to Close at hand is a bridge over the River Thames, an admirable vantage ground for us to make a survey. The river flows beneath; barges pass, laden Line with timber, bursting with corn; there on one side are 5 the domes and spires of the city; on the other, Westminster and the Houses of Parliament. It is a place to stand on by the hour, dreaming. But not now. Now we are pressed for time. Now we are here to consider facts; now we must fix our eyes upon the 10 procession—the procession of the sons of educated men. There they go, our brothers who have been educated at public schools and universities, mounting those steps, passing in and out of those 15 doors, ascending those pulpits, preaching, teaching, administering justice, practising medicine, transacting business, making money. It is a solemn sight always—a procession, like a caravanserai crossing a desert.... But now, for the past twenty 20 years or so, it is no longer a sight merely, a photograph, or fresco scrawled upon the walls of time, at which we can look with merely an esthetic appreciation. For there, trapesing along at the tail end of the procession, we go ourselves. And that 25 makes a difference. We who have looked so long at the pageant in books, or from a curtained window watched educated men leaving the house at about nine-thirty to go to an office, returning to the house at about six-thirty from an office, need look passively 30 no longer. We too can leave the house, can mount those steps, pass in and out of those doors,... make money, administer justice.... We who now agitate these humble pens may in another century or two speak from a pulpit. Nobody will dare contradict us 35 then; we shall be the mouthpieces of the divine spirit—a solemn thought, is it not? Who can say whether, as time goes on, we may not dress in military uniform, with gold lace on our breasts, swords at our sides, and something like the old 40 family coal-scuttle on our heads, save that that venerable object was never decorated with plumes of white horsehair. You laugh—indeed the shadow of the private house still makes those dresses look a little queer. We have worn private clothes so 45 long.... But we have not come here to laugh, or to talk of fashions—men’s and women’s. We are here, on the bridge, to ask ourselves certain questions. And they are very important questions; and we have very little time in which to answer them. The 50 questions that we have to ask and to answer about that procession during this moment of transition are so important that they may well change the lives of all men and women for ever. For we have to ask ourselves, here and now, do we wish to join that 55 procession, or don’t we? On what terms shall we join that procession? Above all, where is it leading us, the procession of educated men? The moment is short; it may last five years; ten years, or perhaps only a matter of a few months longer.... But, you will 60 object, you have no time to think; you have your battles to fight, your rent to pay, your bazaars to organize. That excuse shall not serve you, Madam. As you know from your own experience, and there are facts that prove it, the daughters of educated men 65 have always done their thinking from hand to mouth; not under green lamps at study tables in the cloisters of secluded colleges. They have thought while they stirred the pot, while they rocked the cradle. It was thus that they won us the right to our 70 brand-new sixpence. It falls to us now to go on thinking; how are we to spend that sixpence? Think we must. Let us think in offices; in omnibuses; while we are standing in the crowd watching Coronations and Lord Mayor’s Shows; let us think... in the 75 gallery of the House of Commons; in the Law Courts; let us think at baptisms and marriages and funerals. Let us never cease from thinking—what is this “civilization” in which we find ourselves? What are these ceremonies and why should we take part in 80 them? What are these professions and why should we make money out of them? Where in short is it leading us, the procession of the sons of educated men? A) emphasize the value of a tradition. B) stress the urgency of an issue. C) highlight the severity of social divisions. D) question the feasibility of an undertaking. 152. The central claim of the passage is that Close at hand is a bridge over the River Thames, an admirable vantage ground for us to make a survey. The river flows beneath; barges pass, laden Line with timber, bursting with corn; there on one side are 5 the domes and spires of the city; on the other, Westminster and the Houses of Parliament. It is a place to stand on by the hour, dreaming. But not now. Now we are pressed for time. Now we are here to consider facts; now we must fix our eyes upon the 10 procession—the procession of the sons of educated men. There they go, our brothers who have been educated at public schools and universities, mounting those steps, passing in and out of those 15 doors, ascending those pulpits, preaching, teaching, administering justice, practising medicine, transacting business, making money. It is a solemn sight always—a procession, like a caravanserai crossing a desert.... But now, for the past twenty 20 years or so, it is no longer a sight merely, a photograph, or fresco scrawled upon the walls of time, at which we can look with merely an esthetic appreciation. For there, trapesing along at the tail end of the procession, we go ourselves. And that 25 makes a difference. We who have looked so long at the pageant in books, or from a curtained window watched educated men leaving the house at about nine-thirty to go to an office, returning to the house at about six-thirty from an office, need look passively 30 no longer. We too can leave the house, can mount those steps, pass in and out of those doors,... make money, administer justice.... We who now agitate these humble pens may in another century or two speak from a pulpit. Nobody will dare contradict us 35 then; we shall be the mouthpieces of the divine spirit—a solemn thought, is it not? Who can say whether, as time goes on, we may not dress in military uniform, with gold lace on our breasts, swords at our sides, and something like the old 40 family coal-scuttle on our heads, save that that venerable object was never decorated with plumes of white horsehair. You laugh—indeed the shadow of the private house still makes those dresses look a little queer. We have worn private clothes so 45 long.... But we have not come here to laugh, or to talk of fashions—men’s and women’s. We are here, on the bridge, to ask ourselves certain questions. And they are very important questions; and we have very little time in which to answer them. The 50 questions that we have to ask and to answer about that procession during this moment of transition are so important that they may well change the lives of all men and women for ever. For we have to ask ourselves, here and now, do we wish to join that 55 procession, or don’t we? On what terms shall we join that procession? Above all, where is it leading us, the procession of educated men? The moment is short; it may last five years; ten years, or perhaps only a matter of a few months longer.... But, you will 60 object, you have no time to think; you have your battles to fight, your rent to pay, your bazaars to organize. That excuse shall not serve you, Madam. As you know from your own experience, and there are facts that prove it, the daughters of educated men 65 have always done their thinking from hand to mouth; not under green lamps at study tables in the cloisters of secluded colleges. They have thought while they stirred the pot, while they rocked the cradle. It was thus that they won us the right to our 70 brand-new sixpence. It falls to us now to go on thinking; how are we to spend that sixpence? Think we must. Let us think in offices; in omnibuses; while we are standing in the crowd watching Coronations and Lord Mayor’s Shows; let us think... in the 75 gallery of the House of Commons; in the Law Courts; let us think at baptisms and marriages and funerals. Let us never cease from thinking—what is this “civilization” in which we find ourselves? What are these ceremonies and why should we take part in 80 them? What are these professions and why should we make money out of them? Where in short is it leading us, the procession of the sons of educated men? A) educated women face a decision about how to engage with existing institutions. B) women can have positions of influence in English society only if they give up some of their traditional roles. C) the male monopoly on power in English society has had grave and continuing effects. D) the entry of educated women into positions of power traditionally held by men will transform those positions. 153. Woolf uses the word “we” throughout the passage mainly to Close at hand is a bridge over the River Thames, an admirable vantage ground for us to make a survey. The river flows beneath; barges pass, laden Line with timber, bursting with corn; there on one side are 5 the domes and spires of the city; on the other, Westminster and the Houses of Parliament. It is a place to stand on by the hour, dreaming. But not now. Now we are pressed for time. Now we are here to consider facts; now we must fix our eyes upon the 10 procession—the procession of the sons of educated men. There they go, our brothers who have been educated at public schools and universities, mounting those steps, passing in and out of those 15 doors, ascending those pulpits, preaching, teaching, administering justice, practising medicine, transacting business, making money. It is a solemn sight always—a procession, like a caravanserai crossing a desert.... But now, for the past twenty 20 years or so, it is no longer a sight merely, a photograph, or fresco scrawled upon the walls of time, at which we can look with merely an esthetic appreciation. For there, trapesing along at the tail end of the procession, we go ourselves. And that 25 makes a difference. We who have looked so long at the pageant in books, or from a curtained window watched educated men leaving the house at about nine-thirty to go to an office, returning to the house at about six-thirty from an office, need look passively 30 no longer. We too can leave the house, can mount those steps, pass in and out of those doors,... make money, administer justice.... We who now agitate these humble pens may in another century or two speak from a pulpit. Nobody will dare contradict us 35 then; we shall be the mouthpieces of the divine spirit—a solemn thought, is it not? Who can say whether, as time goes on, we may not dress in military uniform, with gold lace on our breasts, swords at our sides, and something like the old 40 family coal-scuttle on our heads, save that that venerable object was never decorated with plumes of white horsehair. You laugh—indeed the shadow of the private house still makes those dresses look a little queer. We have worn private clothes so 45 long.... But we have not come here to laugh, or to talk of fashions—men’s and women’s. We are here, on the bridge, to ask ourselves certain questions. And they are very important questions; and we have very little time in which to answer them. The 50 questions that we have to ask and to answer about that procession during this moment of transition are so important that they may well change the lives of all men and women for ever. For we have to ask ourselves, here and now, do we wish to join that 55 procession, or don’t we? On what terms shall we join that procession? Above all, where is it leading us, the procession of educated men? The moment is short; it may last five years; ten years, or perhaps only a matter of a few months longer.... But, you will 60 object, you have no time to think; you have your battles to fight, your rent to pay, your bazaars to organize. That excuse shall not serve you, Madam. As you know from your own experience, and there are facts that prove it, the daughters of educated men 65 have always done their thinking from hand to mouth; not under green lamps at study tables in the cloisters of secluded colleges. They have thought while they stirred the pot, while they rocked the cradle. It was thus that they won us the right to our 70 brand-new sixpence. It falls to us now to go on thinking; how are we to spend that sixpence? Think we must. Let us think in offices; in omnibuses; while we are standing in the crowd watching Coronations and Lord Mayor’s Shows; let us think... in the 75 gallery of the House of Commons; in the Law Courts; let us think at baptisms and marriages and funerals. Let us never cease from thinking—what is this “civilization” in which we find ourselves? What are these ceremonies and why should we take part in 80 them? What are these professions and why should we make money out of them? Where in short is it leading us, the procession of the sons of educated men? A) reflect the growing friendliness among a group of people. B) advance the need for candor among a group of people. C) establish a sense of solidarity among a group of people. D) reinforce the need for respect among a group of people. 154. According to the passage, Woolf chooses the setting of the bridge because it Close at hand is a bridge over the River Thames, an admirable vantage ground for us to make a survey. The river flows beneath; barges pass, laden Line with timber, bursting with corn; there on one side are 5 the domes and spires of the city; on the other, Westminster and the Houses of Parliament. It is a place to stand on by the hour, dreaming. But not now. Now we are pressed for time. Now we are here to consider facts; now we must fix our eyes upon the 10 procession—the procession of the sons of educated men. There they go, our brothers who have been educated at public schools and universities, mounting those steps, passing in and out of those 15 doors, ascending those pulpits, preaching, teaching, administering justice, practising medicine, transacting business, making money. It is a solemn sight always—a procession, like a caravanserai crossing a desert.... But now, for the past twenty 20 years or so, it is no longer a sight merely, a photograph, or fresco scrawled upon the walls of time, at which we can look with merely an esthetic appreciation. For there, trapesing along at the tail end of the procession, we go ourselves. And that 25 makes a difference. We who have looked so long at the pageant in books, or from a curtained window watched educated men leaving the house at about nine-thirty to go to an office, returning to the house at about six-thirty from an office, need look passively 30 no longer. We too can leave the house, can mount those steps, pass in and out of those doors,... make money, administer justice.... We who now agitate these humble pens may in another century or two speak from a pulpit. Nobody will dare contradict us 35 then; we shall be the mouthpieces of the divine spirit—a solemn thought, is it not? Who can say whether, as time goes on, we may not dress in military uniform, with gold lace on our breasts, swords at our sides, and something like the old 40 family coal-scuttle on our heads, save that that venerable object was never decorated with plumes of white horsehair. You laugh—indeed the shadow of the private house still makes those dresses look a little queer. We have worn private clothes so 45 long.... But we have not come here to laugh, or to talk of fashions—men’s and women’s. We are here, on the bridge, to ask ourselves certain questions. And they are very important questions; and we have very little time in which to answer them. The 50 questions that we have to ask and to answer about that procession during this moment of transition are so important that they may well change the lives of all men and women for ever. For we have to ask ourselves, here and now, do we wish to join that 55 procession, or don’t we? On what terms shall we join that procession? Above all, where is it leading us, the procession of educated men? The moment is short; it may last five years; ten years, or perhaps only a matter of a few months longer.... But, you will 60 object, you have no time to think; you have your battles to fight, your rent to pay, your bazaars to organize. That excuse shall not serve you, Madam. As you know from your own experience, and there are facts that prove it, the daughters of educated men 65 have always done their thinking from hand to mouth; not under green lamps at study tables in the cloisters of secluded colleges. They have thought while they stirred the pot, while they rocked the cradle. It was thus that they won us the right to our 70 brand-new sixpence. It falls to us now to go on thinking; how are we to spend that sixpence? Think we must. Let us think in offices; in omnibuses; while we are standing in the crowd watching Coronations and Lord Mayor’s Shows; let us think... in the 75 gallery of the House of Commons; in the Law Courts; let us think at baptisms and marriages and funerals. Let us never cease from thinking—what is this “civilization” in which we find ourselves? What are these ceremonies and why should we take part in 80 them? What are these professions and why should we make money out of them? Where in short is it leading us, the procession of the sons of educated men? A) is conducive to a mood of fanciful reflection. B) provides a good view of the procession of the sons of educated men C) is within sight of historic episodes to which she alludes. D) is symbolic of the legacy of past and present sons of educated men. 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