Diagnosis and Treatment of Sjögren’s Syndrome

Dr.Prashant Kumar

Department of Bioinformatics, Kalinga University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India

Sjögren’s Syndrome is a chronic autoimmune disorder that affects the body’s ability to produce tears and saliva. It is a systemic disease, meaning it can affect many different organs and body systems. It is most commonly seen in middle-aged women, but it can affect men, women, and children of all ages. Symptoms of Sjögren’s Syndrome can include dry eyes and mouth, fatigue, joint pain, and abdominal pain. Diagnosis The diagnosis of Sjögren’s Syndrome can be difficult because the symptoms can be similar to those of other conditions. Diagnosis typically involves a combination of physical exams, laboratory tests, and imaging studies. The physical exam may include an examination of the eyes, mouth, and salivary glands. Blood tests may be done to measure levels of certain antibodies and to check for signs of inflammation. Imaging tests, such as a CT scan or MRI, may also be done to look for signs of inflammation in the salivary glands or other affected organs. Treatment There is no cure for Sjögren’s Syndrome, but treatment can help manage symptoms and reduce the risk of further complications. Treatment typically includes medications to reduce inflammation, such as corticosteroids or biologic medications, such as monoclonal antibodies. Over-the-counter artificial tears, saliva substitutes, and other products may also be used to help relieve dryness. Other treatments, such as physical therapy and light exercise, may help improve joint pain. In some cases, surgery may be recommended to remove affected salivary glands or replace them with artificial ones. It is important to talk to your doctor about the best treatment plan for your individual needs. It is also important to practice good self-care, such as drinking plenty of water, eating a balanced diet, and avoiding smoking and alcohol.

References

 American College of Rheumatology. (2020). Sjögren’s Syndrome. Retrieved from https://www.rheumatology.org/I-Am-A/Patient-Caregiver/Diseases-Conditions/Sjogrens-Syndrome.

 Mayo Clinic. (2020). Sjögren’s syndrome. Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/sjogrens-syndrome/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20353374

 National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. (2020). Sjögren’s Syndrome. Retrieved from https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/sjogrens-syndrome